Why is it necessary to waterproof a pile foundation?

Foundation waterproofing is necessary to protect the structure from moisture. Moisture can negatively impact the strength and durability of the foundation, especially if it is located in high-humidity conditions or has groundwater. Waterproofing a pile foundation helps prevent:

• Material deterioration: Moisture can cause corrosion of metal components and the deterioration of concrete structures.

• Mold and mildew growth: Moisture creates favorable conditions for bacterial growth, which can negatively impact the health of residents.

• Shrinkage and deformation: Excess moisture can cause foundation shrinkage and deformation, which in turn can cause cracks in walls and floors.

Materials required for waterproofing a pile foundation

Waterproofing materials used to protect foundations from moisture are divided into several types:

• Coating materials: These are paste-like compounds that are applied to the surface of the piles with a brush, roller, or spatula. They form a continuous, waterproof layer that protects against moisture. Coatings can be bitumen-, polymer-, or cement-based. They are well suited for protecting against capillary moisture.

• Spray-on materials: These coatings are applied to the pile surface using specialized equipment that sprays the compound under high pressure. Spray-on waterproofing materials form a flexible and durable layer that adapts well to structural deformations. They can be polyurethane- or polymer-based.

• Roll materials: These are prefabricated rolls that are laid on the pile surface. They can be made of bitumen, polymer, or a combination of these materials. Roll coatings are easy to install, providing reliable moisture protection. They can be installed either cold or hot.

How to properly waterproof a pile foundation?

To properly waterproof a pile foundation, several factors must be considered, including the soil type, groundwater level, and climatic conditions. Let's look at the main stages of waterproofing.

1. Preparing the base: Before starting work, clean the pile surface of dirt, debris, and any remaining construction materials. This will ensure better adhesion of the waterproofing coating to the surface.

2. Selecting materials. For waterproofing a pile foundation, it is important to use only high-quality compounds:

• Bituminous mastics;

• Waterproofing membranes: thermoplastic and bitumen-polymer membranes;

• Cement mixtures.

3. Applying the waterproofing:

• Applying the mastic: Apply the bituminous mastic to the prepared surface with a brush or roller. It is recommended to apply several layers for maximum protection.

• Laying the membrane: Waterproofing membranes are laid on the pile surface and secured with adhesive or mechanical fasteners.

• Pouring the cement mixture: Waterproofing cements are applied to the pile surface with a spatula.

4. Quality control. After completing all necessary waterproofing procedures, the quality of the work should be checked. This can be done by conducting a watertightness test by filling the space around the piles with water and monitoring for any leaks.